Eden Cole
Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Global Fellowship Initiative, Department Member
- Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, DCAF, Department Memberadd
- Security sector Reform, Defense and National Security, Legislative Studies, Defense and Strategic Studies, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, Development Studies, and 15 moreTransparency and Accountability, Human Rights, Global Governance, Democratisation, United Nations, Early Medieval History, Security, Governance and Civil Society, Civil Society and the Public Sphere, Ombudsman, Human Rights Ombudsman, Biopolitics, Human Rights and Corruption, Anti-Corruption, and Corruptionedit
Commissioned by the Georgian Centre for Strategy and Development (GCSD) as a component of a four-year multi-tier programme on ‘Enhancing the Capacity of Georgia in Preventing Violent Extremism and Radicalization’ funded by the Ministry of... more
Commissioned by the Georgian Centre for Strategy and Development (GCSD) as a component of a four-year multi-tier programme on ‘Enhancing the Capacity of Georgia in Preventing Violent Extremism and Radicalization’ funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Norway, this Handbook was developed to facilitate Georgia’s ‘Permanent Interagency Commission on Elaboration of the National Counterterrorism Strategy (CNCS)’ Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) policy development and cooperative programming processes.
In a field crowded with documentation and narratives on diverse P/CVE approaches, this Handbook’s objective is to focus the audience’s attention on counter-terrorism and P/CVE best practice at international and European levels. At the same time, the Handbook enables practitioners from state institutions to sustain institutional P/CVE knowledge and to develop capacity to address P/CVE issues across Georgian society. The Handbook can also be used for training purposes, as well as by other stakeholders to develop their own capacity to implement projects aimed at understanding and limiting the threat of violent extremism.
Beginning with an introduction to the evolution of terrorism over the last fifty years, the Handbook outlines the challenges of terrorism to democratic states, and the legal and policy dimensions of effective counter-terrorism and extremism prevention. The Handbook then addresses specific thematic issues, including institutional frameworks for P/CVE, cooperation between state and society, radicalization prevention, the return of foreign terrorist fighters and their families, and broader counter-terrorism and P/CVE communication challenges. Placing an emphasis on developing original material and incorporating a variety of relevant and easily accessible best practice materials, the aim across all seven chapters is to ensure that a ‘Whole-of-Society’ approach to P/CVE issues is emphasised in a user-friendly format.
Against the background of fifty years of terrorism, democratic societies are still exposed to a variety of risks posed by local and strategic terrorism. Although waves of terrorism occur in peaks and troughs, as contested and ungoverned spaces continue to harbour often well-funded and supplied terrorist and insurgent groups, social and technological developments compound the significant risks posed by even small terrorist movements and cells. To counter these threats, the legal and policy framework for counter-terrorism and counter-extremism programming will continue to evolve, not least to disrupt online terrorist recruitment, communication, and radicalization activities, and also to limit the transit of terrorists across international travel networks. In this context, every democratic society faces the dual challenge of maintaining their preparedness to counter terrorist threats, and to adapt their P/CVE approaches to contain new or persistent terrorist threats.
In the interim, Georgia, as with other European democracies, will remain exposed to a variety of counter-terrorism and P/CVE challenges. Limiting Georgia’s exposure to international terrorist networks, creating effective counter-terrorism policy, ensuring effective P/CVE practice, and enhancing Georgia’s cooperative security efforts will require further development of existing P/CVE capacities, particularly in terms of maintaining substantive institutional and multi-stakeholder approaches to terrorist and radicalization threats. In so doing, Georgia will continue to contribute to European and international security.
In a field crowded with documentation and narratives on diverse P/CVE approaches, this Handbook’s objective is to focus the audience’s attention on counter-terrorism and P/CVE best practice at international and European levels. At the same time, the Handbook enables practitioners from state institutions to sustain institutional P/CVE knowledge and to develop capacity to address P/CVE issues across Georgian society. The Handbook can also be used for training purposes, as well as by other stakeholders to develop their own capacity to implement projects aimed at understanding and limiting the threat of violent extremism.
Beginning with an introduction to the evolution of terrorism over the last fifty years, the Handbook outlines the challenges of terrorism to democratic states, and the legal and policy dimensions of effective counter-terrorism and extremism prevention. The Handbook then addresses specific thematic issues, including institutional frameworks for P/CVE, cooperation between state and society, radicalization prevention, the return of foreign terrorist fighters and their families, and broader counter-terrorism and P/CVE communication challenges. Placing an emphasis on developing original material and incorporating a variety of relevant and easily accessible best practice materials, the aim across all seven chapters is to ensure that a ‘Whole-of-Society’ approach to P/CVE issues is emphasised in a user-friendly format.
Against the background of fifty years of terrorism, democratic societies are still exposed to a variety of risks posed by local and strategic terrorism. Although waves of terrorism occur in peaks and troughs, as contested and ungoverned spaces continue to harbour often well-funded and supplied terrorist and insurgent groups, social and technological developments compound the significant risks posed by even small terrorist movements and cells. To counter these threats, the legal and policy framework for counter-terrorism and counter-extremism programming will continue to evolve, not least to disrupt online terrorist recruitment, communication, and radicalization activities, and also to limit the transit of terrorists across international travel networks. In this context, every democratic society faces the dual challenge of maintaining their preparedness to counter terrorist threats, and to adapt their P/CVE approaches to contain new or persistent terrorist threats.
In the interim, Georgia, as with other European democracies, will remain exposed to a variety of counter-terrorism and P/CVE challenges. Limiting Georgia’s exposure to international terrorist networks, creating effective counter-terrorism policy, ensuring effective P/CVE practice, and enhancing Georgia’s cooperative security efforts will require further development of existing P/CVE capacities, particularly in terms of maintaining substantive institutional and multi-stakeholder approaches to terrorist and radicalization threats. In so doing, Georgia will continue to contribute to European and international security.
Research Interests: International Terrorism, Political Violence and Terrorism, European Union, Counter terrorism, Use of Force & Counter-terrorism, and 15 moreGeorgia, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, OSCE, Preventing violent extremism, Terrorism and Counter-terrorism, Domestic Terrorism, Red Army Faction, Counter Radicalization, Provisional IRA, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Democracy and Terrorism, Osce/Odihr, and Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism
This 2007 volume comprises the findings of studies focusing on the current security sector reform status and needs of the five Central Asian Republics. The findings concerned are the result of a series of activities organized by the... more
This 2007 volume comprises the findings of studies focusing on the current security sector reform status and needs of the five Central Asian Republics. The findings concerned are the result of a series of activities organized by the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces on Partnership for Peace mandates from the Swiss Ministries of Defence and Foreign Affairs and are intended for the broader public interested in security governance issues in the region.
Research Interests:
This book focuses on the role of ombudsman institutions in monitoring and investigating the security sector. It argues that independent ombudsman institutions can play an important role in strengthening democratic oversight and furthering... more
This book focuses on the role of ombudsman institutions in monitoring and investigating the security sector. It argues that independent ombudsman institutions can play an important role in strengthening democratic oversight and furthering human and public security.
Despite the fact that most ombudsman institutions have relatively broad mandates and corresponding powers, which also endow them with competency over human rights abuses in the security sector, they encounter many problems when they start investigations. Baseline research on the relationship between ombudsman institutions and the security sector presented in this publication shows that the security sector remains a closed domain, and that there is a significant need and potential to strengthen the work of ombudsman institutions on security sector oversight.
Ombudsman institutions can provide a viable forum for the investigation and resolution of human rights violations committed by security sector agencies; they can help to bring national legislation into conformity with international standards; they can monitor the security sector; and they can educate security sector officials about their obligations and the general public about their rights. So far, there is only little guidance available for ombudsman institutions on how they can best structure their work on human and public security. This publication intends to close this gap and presents action-oriented recommendations, which have benefited greatly from practical input presented by ombudsman institutions from Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States.
Despite the fact that most ombudsman institutions have relatively broad mandates and corresponding powers, which also endow them with competency over human rights abuses in the security sector, they encounter many problems when they start investigations. Baseline research on the relationship between ombudsman institutions and the security sector presented in this publication shows that the security sector remains a closed domain, and that there is a significant need and potential to strengthen the work of ombudsman institutions on security sector oversight.
Ombudsman institutions can provide a viable forum for the investigation and resolution of human rights violations committed by security sector agencies; they can help to bring national legislation into conformity with international standards; they can monitor the security sector; and they can educate security sector officials about their obligations and the general public about their rights. So far, there is only little guidance available for ombudsman institutions on how they can best structure their work on human and public security. This publication intends to close this gap and presents action-oriented recommendations, which have benefited greatly from practical input presented by ombudsman institutions from Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States.
Research Interests: Human Rights, United Nations, Security sector Reform, United Nations Development Programme, Ombudsman, and 6 moreNational human rights institutions, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, Human Rights, National Human Rights Institutions, Ombudsman Institutions, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, and Security Sector Oversight
National human rights institutions (NHRIs) — also known as ombuds institutions — have a crucial role to play in monitoring the security sector and holding the security sector accountable for its practices. NHRIs are also well placed to... more
National human rights institutions (NHRIs) — also known as ombuds institutions — have a crucial role to play in monitoring the security sector and holding the security sector accountable for its practices. NHRIs are also well placed to interact with other stakeholders to help facilitate broader security sector oversight and can ensure the development and maintenance of human rights-observant security policies and practices.
This study focuses on best practice related to monitoring intelligence and security services. External intelligence oversight mechanisms are an indispensable part of any strong accountability system: in addition to combatting impunity more effectively, such mechanisms ultimately enhance public confidence in the intelligence services as the basis for their operations - and their impartiality - is clearer to the public.
This series of monitoring products was designed to facilitate the work of National Human Rights (Ombuds) Institutions on monitoring the security sector. The series provides guidance on relevant best practices and may also be used for relevant capacity development trainings.
This study focuses on best practice related to monitoring intelligence and security services. External intelligence oversight mechanisms are an indispensable part of any strong accountability system: in addition to combatting impunity more effectively, such mechanisms ultimately enhance public confidence in the intelligence services as the basis for their operations - and their impartiality - is clearer to the public.
This series of monitoring products was designed to facilitate the work of National Human Rights (Ombuds) Institutions on monitoring the security sector. The series provides guidance on relevant best practices and may also be used for relevant capacity development trainings.
Research Interests: Human Rights, Intelligence, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Rule of Law, Security sector Reform, and 15 moreCivil Society, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, National human rights institutions, Human Rights Monitoring, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, NHRIs, Intelligence reform, Domestic Intelligence, Security Services, Ombudsman Institutions, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Ombuds Institutions, Security Sector Oversight, and Intelligence and Security Services
National human rights institutions (NHRIs) — also known as ombuds institutions — have a crucial role to play in monitoring the security sector and holding the security sector accountable for its practices. NHRIs are also well placed to... more
National human rights institutions (NHRIs) — also known as ombuds institutions — have a crucial role to play in monitoring the security sector and holding the security sector accountable for its practices. NHRIs are also well placed to interact with other stakeholders to help facilitate broader security sector oversight and can ensure the
development and maintenance of human rights-observant security policies and practices.
This study focuses on best practice related to monitoring law enforcement services. External police oversight mechanisms are an indispensable part of any strong accountability system: in addition to combatting impunity more effectively, such mechanisms enhance public confidence in the police as they have greater impartiality in the eyes of the public.
This series of monitoring products was designed to facilitate the work of National Human Rights (Ombuds) Institutions on monitoring the security sector. The series provides guidance on relevant best practices and may also be used for relevant capacity development trainings.
development and maintenance of human rights-observant security policies and practices.
This study focuses on best practice related to monitoring law enforcement services. External police oversight mechanisms are an indispensable part of any strong accountability system: in addition to combatting impunity more effectively, such mechanisms enhance public confidence in the police as they have greater impartiality in the eyes of the public.
This series of monitoring products was designed to facilitate the work of National Human Rights (Ombuds) Institutions on monitoring the security sector. The series provides guidance on relevant best practices and may also be used for relevant capacity development trainings.
Research Interests: Human Rights, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Rule of Law, Security sector Reform, Police Reform, and 15 moreLaw Enforcement, Civil Society, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, National human rights institutions, Human Rights Monitoring, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, NHRIs, Ombudsman Institutions, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Ombuds Institutions, Law Enforcement Reform, Security Sector Oversight, National Preventive Mechanisms, and NPMs
With the adoption of the Comprehensive Assistance Package (CAP) at the Madrid Summit in June 2022, NATO has an important opportunity to consolidate its security sector reform and oversight programming in Ukraine. Developed during 2021,... more
With the adoption of the Comprehensive Assistance Package (CAP) at the Madrid Summit in June 2022, NATO has an important opportunity to consolidate its security sector reform and oversight programming in Ukraine.
Developed during 2021, NATO’s initiative to concentrate governance assistance through an Individually Tailored Partnership Programme (ITTP) offers a framework to maximise the impact of future security policy assistance programming, not only by NATO members, but also the EU and other NATO partners. The key task will be to build a multi-institutional approach which can rapidly address both current and legacy security policy challenges, and to complement – or incorporate – bilateral security assistance programming into a more comprehensive approach.
Achieving these goals will require NATO and its partners to judiciously address resource and coordination challenges that have afflicted international programming since 2014. To this end, best practice and lessons learned from earlier security governance programming remain relevant in the current context.
This paper outlines current security governance challenges, the policy assistance landscape, and outlines the value-added a re-animated Joint Working Group on Defence Reform (JWGDR) could have on defence and security sector reforms.
Developed during 2021, NATO’s initiative to concentrate governance assistance through an Individually Tailored Partnership Programme (ITTP) offers a framework to maximise the impact of future security policy assistance programming, not only by NATO members, but also the EU and other NATO partners. The key task will be to build a multi-institutional approach which can rapidly address both current and legacy security policy challenges, and to complement – or incorporate – bilateral security assistance programming into a more comprehensive approach.
Achieving these goals will require NATO and its partners to judiciously address resource and coordination challenges that have afflicted international programming since 2014. To this end, best practice and lessons learned from earlier security governance programming remain relevant in the current context.
This paper outlines current security governance challenges, the policy assistance landscape, and outlines the value-added a re-animated Joint Working Group on Defence Reform (JWGDR) could have on defence and security sector reforms.
Research Interests: NATO, European Security and Defence Policy, European Union, Security sector Reform, European Union external relations, and 15 moreUkrainian Foreign Policy, Ukraine, Capacity Development, Defence and Security, Canadian Foreign Policy, EU-Ukraine Relations, EU, EEAS, European diplomacy, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, Institutional Reform, European and euroatlantic integration of Ukraine, NATO and Ukraine, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Reforms in Ukraine, European Peace Facility, and Ukraine War 2022
Democratic governance of the security sector is now an established global principle. Moreover, in European democracies the policy and practice of national security - from community to strategic levels - is also determined by the European... more
Democratic governance of the security sector is now an established global principle. Moreover, in European democracies the policy and practice of national security - from community to strategic levels - is also determined by the European Convention on Human Rights which remains binding upon all signatories. The Venice Commission of the Council of Europe also regularly supplies opinions on the legislative requirements for aligning legal and institutional structures with democracy, human rights and the rule of law: the Commission has also specifically reflected on the norms and standards relevant to democratic governance of the security sector.
These developments have served to emphasise the critical need for transparent and accountable security policies and practices, and, at the same time, to ensure such policies and practices are determined and managed in the interest of public security provision.
In this chapter the author briefly overviews the key features of effective security sector governance for new practitioners.
These developments have served to emphasise the critical need for transparent and accountable security policies and practices, and, at the same time, to ensure such policies and practices are determined and managed in the interest of public security provision.
In this chapter the author briefly overviews the key features of effective security sector governance for new practitioners.
Research Interests:
The Integrated Technical Guidance Notes (ITGNs) on security sector reform (SSR) were developed through a collaborative effort by a wide range of actors from within the United Nations, SSR experts, academics and policy-makers by the United... more
The Integrated Technical Guidance Notes (ITGNs) on security sector reform (SSR) were developed through a collaborative effort by a wide range of actors from within the United Nations, SSR experts, academics and policy-makers by the United Nations (UN) Inter-Agency SSR Task Force (IASSRTF).
The note on Democratic Governance of the Security Sector outlines the principles of democratic security governance and methods for supporting reform programming.
A new version of the note was requested from the author in Spring 2011 was supplied to the UNDP PoCs gratis and forms the basis for this final version of the note as validated and unilaterally edited prior to publication in 2012.
The note on Democratic Governance of the Security Sector outlines the principles of democratic security governance and methods for supporting reform programming.
A new version of the note was requested from the author in Spring 2011 was supplied to the UNDP PoCs gratis and forms the basis for this final version of the note as validated and unilaterally edited prior to publication in 2012.
Research Interests:
"Regulating Private Security Companies in Europe: Status & Prospects", Draft Report, PC-PM (2006) 01, for the Council for Police Matters (PC-PM), European Committee on Crime Problems (CPDC). Draft paper presented to the Council of Europe... more
"Regulating Private Security Companies in Europe: Status & Prospects", Draft Report, PC-PM (2006) 01, for the Council for Police Matters (PC-PM), European Committee on Crime Problems (CPDC).
Draft paper presented to the Council of Europe CPDC PC-PM and originally published online in September 2006.
This draft paper for the Council of Europe examines the various aspects of private security taking into account the broad scope of their activities, and the necessity of examining the posivite contributions as well as questions of minimal standards and need for adequate oversight and public control over these services. The study, mandated and receiving support from the Council of Europe (CoE), focuses on the rapidly expanding field of private security in CoE member States.
Original URL: https://www.coe.int/t/e/legal_affairs/legal_co-operation/steering_committees/cdpc/Documents/pc-pm (2006) 01 - e (regulating private security companies).pdf
Draft paper presented to the Council of Europe CPDC PC-PM and originally published online in September 2006.
This draft paper for the Council of Europe examines the various aspects of private security taking into account the broad scope of their activities, and the necessity of examining the posivite contributions as well as questions of minimal standards and need for adequate oversight and public control over these services. The study, mandated and receiving support from the Council of Europe (CoE), focuses on the rapidly expanding field of private security in CoE member States.
Original URL: https://www.coe.int/t/e/legal_affairs/legal_co-operation/steering_committees/cdpc/Documents/pc-pm (2006) 01 - e (regulating private security companies).pdf
Research Interests:
In this adapted article requested by NATO School Oberammergau (NSO), the authors contemplate whether the various offers made by European and Transatlantic organizations and state bodies regarding codes of conduct are credible options for... more
In this adapted article requested by NATO School Oberammergau (NSO), the authors contemplate whether the various offers made by European and Transatlantic organizations and state bodies regarding codes of conduct are credible options for Southeastern European governments.
The authors consider whether the codes of conduct and approaches of NATO, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the EU, and EU-inspired and funded institutions such as the Stability Pact have had a desired effect in terms of changing culture. Does the transfer of values and norms have the intended effect?
Originally published in the NATO School's Polaris Quarterly, Summer 2004, Volume 1, Issue 2.
Archive copy available at: https://css.ethz.ch/content/specialinterest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/en/services/digital-library/publications/publication.html/56280
The authors consider whether the codes of conduct and approaches of NATO, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the EU, and EU-inspired and funded institutions such as the Stability Pact have had a desired effect in terms of changing culture. Does the transfer of values and norms have the intended effect?
Originally published in the NATO School's Polaris Quarterly, Summer 2004, Volume 1, Issue 2.
Archive copy available at: https://css.ethz.ch/content/specialinterest/gess/cis/center-for-securities-studies/en/services/digital-library/publications/publication.html/56280
Research Interests: South East European Studies, NATO, European Union, Civil-military relations, Security sector Reform, and 9 moreWestern Balkans, OSCE, Security Sector Governance, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, Intelligence reform, Stability Pact, Defence Reform, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, and Law Enforcement Reform
This chapter examines the question of whether the security sector norms European and Transatlantic organizations sought to extend across South East Europe in the post-Cold War era not only affected, as desired, a substantive change in... more
This chapter examines the question of whether the security sector norms European and Transatlantic organizations sought to extend across South East Europe in the post-Cold War era not only affected, as desired, a substantive change in culture, but also their utility in terms of the literature on norms transfer and the value may be attributed to the methods used to assist those countries’ transformation.
To achieve this end, the paper discusses the ‘norms’ and ‘norms transfer’ literature. The paper proceeds to locate the utility of norms transfer within the context of the contemporary international system. The ideal and reality of Security Sector Reform as a vehicle for norms transfer is put in a norm context. The views on whether security sector norms transfer to South East Europe has worked is then analysed.
The paper argues that the pursuit of an invitation to join a Euro-Atlantic discourse on Security Sector Governance and Reform has by itself now become a norm; and that a successful norms transfer to South East Europe has occurred in the security field.
Published in: Heiner Hänggi and Theodor H. Winkler (eds.), Challenges of Security Sector Governance, (LIT: Münster, 2003).
To achieve this end, the paper discusses the ‘norms’ and ‘norms transfer’ literature. The paper proceeds to locate the utility of norms transfer within the context of the contemporary international system. The ideal and reality of Security Sector Reform as a vehicle for norms transfer is put in a norm context. The views on whether security sector norms transfer to South East Europe has worked is then analysed.
The paper argues that the pursuit of an invitation to join a Euro-Atlantic discourse on Security Sector Governance and Reform has by itself now become a norm; and that a successful norms transfer to South East Europe has occurred in the security field.
Published in: Heiner Hänggi and Theodor H. Winkler (eds.), Challenges of Security Sector Governance, (LIT: Münster, 2003).
Research Interests:
Принцип, згідно з яким збройні сили і служби безпеки повинні підкорятися і бути підконтрольними демократично обраному політичному керівництву, протягом тривалого часу розглядався як базова умова для ефективного функціонування і... more
Принцип, згідно з яким збройні сили і служби безпеки повинні підкорятися і бути підконтрольними демократично обраному політичному керівництву, протягом тривалого часу розглядався як базова умова для ефективного функціонування і благополуччя наших суспільств. Більш того, протягом багатьох років країни-члени НАТО приймали цей принцип як належне – як передбачуваний, але частіше за все такий що не обговорюється і рідко досліджується. Розширення НАТО змінило цю ситуацію. Однією з умов, поставлених перед кандидатами на вступ, було забезпечення відповідності їхніх збройних сил та оборонних структур стандартам, прийнятим у країнах Альянсу.
При цьому, поставивши таку умову, членам НАТО довелося обговорювати, що це за стандарти і які реформи необхідні для їх досягнення. У наступних швидкоплинних умовах чиновники і вчені поспішно почали визначати основні параметри прийнятних цивільно-військових відносин, за якими можна було б оцінювати кандидатів. Виникли три основні проблеми, успадковані від попередніх режимів: домінантне, привілейоване й ізольоване становище армії, брак цивільних фахівців з питань оборони, а також відсутність норм і механізмів демократичної відповідальності.
З необхідності вирішити дані проблеми народилися дві ініціативи, що розглядаються в цьому виданні. Слабкі парламентські інститути, недостатній досвід і пов’язаний з цим дефіцит демократії створили передумови для ініціативи ПА НАТО з підтримки нових парламентів у розробці структур, процедур і досвіду, необхідних парламентаріям для ефективної реалізації їх ролі у формуванні й імплементації політики безпеки.
Разом з тим, Швейцарія, розуміючи масштабне значення і актуальність реформування збройних сил і сектора безпеки, а також пов’язаної з цим ролі парламентів, вирішила створити Центр, що займається даним питанням. В результаті з’явився Женевський центр демократичного контролю над збройними силами, метою якого стало надання аналітичного та дослідницького потенціалу, сфокусованого на ролі парламентів.
При цьому, поставивши таку умову, членам НАТО довелося обговорювати, що це за стандарти і які реформи необхідні для їх досягнення. У наступних швидкоплинних умовах чиновники і вчені поспішно почали визначати основні параметри прийнятних цивільно-військових відносин, за якими можна було б оцінювати кандидатів. Виникли три основні проблеми, успадковані від попередніх режимів: домінантне, привілейоване й ізольоване становище армії, брак цивільних фахівців з питань оборони, а також відсутність норм і механізмів демократичної відповідальності.
З необхідності вирішити дані проблеми народилися дві ініціативи, що розглядаються в цьому виданні. Слабкі парламентські інститути, недостатній досвід і пов’язаний з цим дефіцит демократії створили передумови для ініціативи ПА НАТО з підтримки нових парламентів у розробці структур, процедур і досвіду, необхідних парламентаріям для ефективної реалізації їх ролі у формуванні й імплементації політики безпеки.
Разом з тим, Швейцарія, розуміючи масштабне значення і актуальність реформування збройних сил і сектора безпеки, а також пов’язаної з цим ролі парламентів, вирішила створити Центр, що займається даним питанням. В результаті з’явився Женевський центр демократичного контролю над збройними силами, метою якого стало надання аналітичного та дослідницького потенціалу, сфокусованого на ролі парламентів.
Research Interests: NATO, Parliamentary Studies, Security sector Reform, Parliamentary Oversight over Security and Defense Sector, Democratic Governance, and 6 moreSecurity Sector Reform/Security Governance, Intelligence reform, Defence Reform, NATO Parliamentary Assembly, Law Enforcement Reform, and Security Sector Oversight
Принцип, согласно которому вооруженные силы и службы безопасности должны подчиняться и быть подконтрольными демократически избранно-му политическому руководству, в течение длительного времени рассматри-вался как базовое условие для... more
Принцип, согласно которому вооруженные силы и службы безопасности должны подчиняться и быть подконтрольными демократически избранно-му политическому руководству, в течение длительного времени рассматри-вался как базовое условие для эффективного функционирования и благополучия наших обществ. Более того, в течение многих лет страны-члены НАТО принимали этот принцип как должное – как предполагаемый, но чаще все-го не обсуждаемый и редко исследуемый. Расширение НАТО изменило эту ситуацию. Одним из условий, поставленных перед кандидатами на вступление, было обеспечение соответствия их вооруженных сил и оборонных структур стандартам, принятым в странах альянса.
При этом, поставив такое условие, членам НАТО пришлось обсуждать, что это за стандарты и какие реформы необходимы для их достижения. В последующих суматошных условиях чиновники и ученые поспешно принялись определять основные параметры приемлемых гражданско-военных отношений, по которым можно было бы оценивать кандидатов. Возникли три основные проблемы, унаследованные от предыдущих режимов: доминантное, привилегированное и изолированное положение армии, нехватка гражданских специалистов по вопросам обороны, а также отсутствие норм и механизмов демократической ответственности.
Из необходимости решить данные проблемы родились две инициативы, рассматриваемые в этом издании. Слабые парламентские институты, недостаточный опыт и связанный с этим дефицит демократии создали предпосылки для инициативы ПА НАТО по поддержке новых парламентов в разработке структур, процедур и опыта, необходимых парламентариям для эффективной реализации роли в развитии и имплементации политики безопасности.
Вместе с тем, Швейцария, понимая масштабное значение и актуальность реформирования вооруженных сил и сектора безопасности, а также связанной с этим роли парламентов, решила создать Центр, занимающийся данным вопросом. В результате появился Женевский центр демократического контроля над вооруженными силами, целью которого стало предоставление аналитического и исследовательского потенциала, сфокусированного на роли парламентов.
При этом, поставив такое условие, членам НАТО пришлось обсуждать, что это за стандарты и какие реформы необходимы для их достижения. В последующих суматошных условиях чиновники и ученые поспешно принялись определять основные параметры приемлемых гражданско-военных отношений, по которым можно было бы оценивать кандидатов. Возникли три основные проблемы, унаследованные от предыдущих режимов: доминантное, привилегированное и изолированное положение армии, нехватка гражданских специалистов по вопросам обороны, а также отсутствие норм и механизмов демократической ответственности.
Из необходимости решить данные проблемы родились две инициативы, рассматриваемые в этом издании. Слабые парламентские институты, недостаточный опыт и связанный с этим дефицит демократии создали предпосылки для инициативы ПА НАТО по поддержке новых парламентов в разработке структур, процедур и опыта, необходимых парламентариям для эффективной реализации роли в развитии и имплементации политики безопасности.
Вместе с тем, Швейцария, понимая масштабное значение и актуальность реформирования вооруженных сил и сектора безопасности, а также связанной с этим роли парламентов, решила создать Центр, занимающийся данным вопросом. В результате появился Женевский центр демократического контроля над вооруженными силами, целью которого стало предоставление аналитического и исследовательского потенциала, сфокусированного на роли парламентов.
Research Interests: NATO, Parliamentary Studies, Security sector Reform, Parliamentary Oversight over Security and Defense Sector, Democratic Governance, and 6 moreSecurity Sector Reform/Security Governance, Intelligence reform, Defence Reform, NATO Parliamentary Assembly, Law Enforcement Reform, and Security Sector Oversight
Данное пособие представляет собой структурированное руководство для организаций гражданского общества (ОГО), объясняющее сущность роли, которую они могут играть в процессе осуществления демократического надзора над органами сектора... more
Данное пособие представляет собой структурированное руководство для организаций гражданского общества (ОГО), объясняющее сущность роли, которую они могут играть в процессе осуществления демократического надзора над органами сектора безопасности. В частности, в книге четко и ясно описывается, каким образом ОГО должны планировать и организовывать свою работу.
Участие общественности в работе сектора безопасности является жизненно необходимым условием для создания и существования сильных, независимых демократических институтов, а значит, и
привлечение организаций гражданского общества (ОГО), заслуживающих доверия, к формированию политики сектора безопасности влияет на подотчетность органов сектора безопасности и организацию их работы. Активная позиция в этом направлении организаций гражданского общества на местном уровне позволяет им противодействовать незаконной деятельности органов сектора безопасности, а также открывает широкие возможности для участия в формировании стратегии
органов сектора безопасности. ОГО должны играть важную роль не только в странах с установившейся демократией, но и в постконфликтных, поставторитарных и недемократических государствах, в которых деятельность ОГО все -таки может оказывать влияние на политические элиты, монополизировавшие власть.
Участие общественности в работе сектора безопасности является жизненно необходимым условием для создания и существования сильных, независимых демократических институтов, а значит, и
привлечение организаций гражданского общества (ОГО), заслуживающих доверия, к формированию политики сектора безопасности влияет на подотчетность органов сектора безопасности и организацию их работы. Активная позиция в этом направлении организаций гражданского общества на местном уровне позволяет им противодействовать незаконной деятельности органов сектора безопасности, а также открывает широкие возможности для участия в формировании стратегии
органов сектора безопасности. ОГО должны играть важную роль не только в странах с установившейся демократией, но и в постконфликтных, поставторитарных и недемократических государствах, в которых деятельность ОГО все -таки может оказывать влияние на политические элиты, монополизировавшие власть.
Research Interests: Accountability, United Nations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Security sector Reform, Civil Society, and 6 moreUnited Nations Development Programme, Capacity Development, Human Rights, International Development, Diversity, Training, Capacity Building, Peacebuilding, Corporate Social Responsibility Youth Leadership, Conflict Resolution, Accountability and Governance Issues, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, and Civil Society Organizations
This Handbook provides structured guidance for civil society organisations (CSOs) on the role they can play in democratic security sector oversight. Many CSOs have facilitated security sector reform processes in transition and... more
This Handbook provides structured guidance for civil society organisations (CSOs) on the role they can play in democratic security sector oversight. Many CSOs have facilitated security sector reform processes in transition and post-conflict states, yet much of their potential remains untapped. Similarly, the longer term role CSOs play in maintaining a democratically-managed security sector is sometimes under-emphasised in the developed and developing worlds.
The Handbook is designed primarily for civil society and non-governmental organisations, but is also relevant to democratic institutions, democratic representatives, policymakers, SSR practitioners, researchers, security sector institutions, the media, and international organisations partnering with CSOs on democratic security governance issue.
The Handbook is designed primarily for civil society and non-governmental organisations, but is also relevant to democratic institutions, democratic representatives, policymakers, SSR practitioners, researchers, security sector institutions, the media, and international organisations partnering with CSOs on democratic security governance issue.
Research Interests: Accountability, United Nations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Security sector Reform, Civil Society, and 6 moreUnited Nations Development Programme, Capacity Development, Human Rights, International Development, Diversity, Training, Capacity Building, Peacebuilding, Corporate Social Responsibility Youth Leadership, Conflict Resolution, Accountability and Governance Issues, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, and Civil Society Organizations
This Handbook provides structured guidance for civil society organisations (CSOs) on the role they can play in democratic security sector oversight. Many CSOs have facilitated security sector reform processes in transition and... more
This Handbook provides structured guidance for civil society organisations (CSOs) on the role they can play in democratic security sector oversight. Many CSOs have facilitated security sector reform processes in transition and post-conflict states, yet much of their potential remains untapped. Similarly, the longer term role CSOs play in maintaining a democratically-managed security sector is sometimes under-emphasised in the developed and developing worlds.
The Handbook is designed primarily for civil society and non-governmental organisations, but is also relevant to democratic institutions, democratic representatives, policymakers, SSR practitioners, researchers, security sector institutions, the media, and international organisations partnering with CSOs on democratic security governance issue.
The Handbook is designed primarily for civil society and non-governmental organisations, but is also relevant to democratic institutions, democratic representatives, policymakers, SSR practitioners, researchers, security sector institutions, the media, and international organisations partnering with CSOs on democratic security governance issue.
Research Interests: Accountability, United Nations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Security sector Reform, Civil Society, and 6 moreUnited Nations Development Programme, Capacity Development, Human Rights, International Development, Diversity, Training, Capacity Building, Peacebuilding, Corporate Social Responsibility Youth Leadership, Conflict Resolution, Accountability and Governance Issues, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, and Civil Society Organizations
Защита и поощрение прав человека во взаимоотношениях с агентствами, обеспечивающими общественную безопасность: Рекоммендации для служб омбудсменов. Несмотря на то, что большинство служб омбудсменов обладают относительно широкими... more
Защита и поощрение прав человека во взаимоотношениях с агентствами, обеспечивающими общественную безопасность: Рекоммендации для служб омбудсменов.
Несмотря на то, что большинство служб омбудсменов обладают относительно широкими мандатами и соответствующими полномочиями, которые распространяют их компетенцию на нарушения прав человека в секторе безопасности, они сталкиваются с рядом проблем, когда начинают разбирательства по жалобам. Представленные в настоящей публикации результаты базового исследования отношений между службами омбудсменов и агентствами сектора безопас-ности показывают, что сектор безопасности остается закрытой сферой, и что назрела насущная необходимость и имеется потенциал для укрепления работы служб омбудсменов по надзору над сектором безопасности.
Службы омбудсменов могут обеспечить ценный форум для разбирательств и решений о нарушениях прав человека, совершаемых агентствами сектора безопасности; они могут способствовать приведению национального законодательства в соответствие с международными нормами; они могут контролировать сектор безопасности; и они могут обучать представителей сектора безопасности их обязанностям, а широкую общественность – правам человека.
До настоящего времени было разработано лишь очень ограниченное число пособий для служб омбудсменов о том, как им следует структурировать свою работу по безопасности человека и общественной безопасности для достижения наилучших результатов. Данная публикация предназначена для заполнения этого пробела, в ней представлены рекомендации для практического применения. Рекомендации в значительной степени базировались на практическом опыте служб омбудсменов из стран Восточной Европы и СНГ.
Несмотря на то, что большинство служб омбудсменов обладают относительно широкими мандатами и соответствующими полномочиями, которые распространяют их компетенцию на нарушения прав человека в секторе безопасности, они сталкиваются с рядом проблем, когда начинают разбирательства по жалобам. Представленные в настоящей публикации результаты базового исследования отношений между службами омбудсменов и агентствами сектора безопас-ности показывают, что сектор безопасности остается закрытой сферой, и что назрела насущная необходимость и имеется потенциал для укрепления работы служб омбудсменов по надзору над сектором безопасности.
Службы омбудсменов могут обеспечить ценный форум для разбирательств и решений о нарушениях прав человека, совершаемых агентствами сектора безопасности; они могут способствовать приведению национального законодательства в соответствие с международными нормами; они могут контролировать сектор безопасности; и они могут обучать представителей сектора безопасности их обязанностям, а широкую общественность – правам человека.
До настоящего времени было разработано лишь очень ограниченное число пособий для служб омбудсменов о том, как им следует структурировать свою работу по безопасности человека и общественной безопасности для достижения наилучших результатов. Данная публикация предназначена для заполнения этого пробела, в ней представлены рекомендации для практического применения. Рекомендации в значительной степени базировались на практическом опыте служб омбудсменов из стран Восточной Европы и СНГ.
Research Interests: Human Rights, United Nations, Security sector Reform, United Nations Development Programme, Ombudsman, and 6 moreNational human rights institutions, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, Human Rights, National Human Rights Institutions, Ombudsman Institutions, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, and Security Sector Oversight
За последние 15 лет международное сообщество уделяло повышенное внимание развитию сектора безопасности с учетом взаимосвязи между развитием человеческого потенциала и безопасностью человека. Реформа сектора безопасности и, частности,... more
За последние 15 лет международное сообщество уделяло повышенное внимание развитию сектора безопасности с учетом взаимосвязи между развитием человеческого потенциала и безопасностью человека. Реформа сектора безопасности и, частности, управления сектором безопасности являются важнейшими для соблюдения и обеспечения прав человека, и этим обосновывается необходимость гражданского контроля над деятельностью агентств и ведомств, обеспечивающих безопасность. Для государств переходного периода очень часто безопасность остается хрупким общественным благом, которое должно быть защищено и обеспечено многосекторной стратегией, разрабатываемой и осуществляемой общенациональными и местными заинтересованными сторонами. В число этих заинтересованных сторон входят как исполнительные, так и законодательные и судебные ветви власти, а также гражданское общество. Активная роль парламента в осуществлении контроля и реформы сектора безопасности гарантирует, что такой контроль является не просто гражданским по своей природе, но и демократическим по своим целям и подходам.
Выводы, представленные в настоящей публикации, показывают, что в странах СНГ существует значительный потенциал усиления роли парламента в целом и, в частности, в демократическом контроле над сектором безопасности. Целый ряд мер, направленных на усиление парламентов, крайне важен для эффективного контроля над сектором безопасности и содействия развитию человеческого потенциала, как, например, учреждение специальных комитетов по контролю; профессионализация стандартных процедур; открытость бюджетного процесса; интеграция перспектив по вопросам прав человека в законодательную практику; поощрение плюрализма мнений; содействие публичному обсуждению ключевых вопросов политики; развитие сотрудничества между парламентом и гражданским обществом; и последнее по счету, но не по важности, - развитие потенциала и независимой экспертизы в вопросах безопасности человека, включая гендерный аспект проблемы.
Выводы, представленные в настоящей публикации, показывают, что в странах СНГ существует значительный потенциал усиления роли парламента в целом и, в частности, в демократическом контроле над сектором безопасности. Целый ряд мер, направленных на усиление парламентов, крайне важен для эффективного контроля над сектором безопасности и содействия развитию человеческого потенциала, как, например, учреждение специальных комитетов по контролю; профессионализация стандартных процедур; открытость бюджетного процесса; интеграция перспектив по вопросам прав человека в законодательную практику; поощрение плюрализма мнений; содействие публичному обсуждению ключевых вопросов политики; развитие сотрудничества между парламентом и гражданским обществом; и последнее по счету, но не по важности, - развитие потенциала и независимой экспертизы в вопросах безопасности человека, включая гендерный аспект проблемы.
Research Interests:
Short notice presentation for GCSP Staff and Fellows on 2nd March 2022 outlining the background and status of international defence and security sector assistance to Ukraine. Included an overview of key political developments immediately... more
Short notice presentation for GCSP Staff and Fellows on 2nd March 2022 outlining the background and status of international defence and security sector assistance to Ukraine. Included an overview of key political developments immediately prior to the 24th February 2022 invasion.
Q&A focused on status of incoming armament deliveries from 24th February onwards, battles of NW and W Kyiv region (Ivankiv-Irpin-Borodianka-Bucha-Hostomel-Vasylkiv), approach of 90th Guards Tank Division towards NE Kyiv, developments on Zhytomyr-Kherson-Mykolaiv-Kharkiv-Donbas fronts, and the pending assault on Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) by Russian forces.
Q&A focused on status of incoming armament deliveries from 24th February onwards, battles of NW and W Kyiv region (Ivankiv-Irpin-Borodianka-Bucha-Hostomel-Vasylkiv), approach of 90th Guards Tank Division towards NE Kyiv, developments on Zhytomyr-Kherson-Mykolaiv-Kharkiv-Donbas fronts, and the pending assault on Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant (ZNPP) by Russian forces.
Research Interests: NATO, European Union, Common Security and Defense Policy, Ukraine, United States Foreign Policy, and 14 moreEU institutions, EU foreign policy, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova, securitization, Canadian Foreign Policy, Common Foreign and Security Policy, Crimea, Canadian Foreign and Defence Policy, UK defence policy, Euro-Atlantic Integration, EU common security and defence policy, EU Common Foreign and Security Policy, Donbas, Russian war in Ukraine, ukraine security sector, United States Defense Policy, and European Peace Facility
Presentation at the Parliamentary Centre and the Agency for Legislative Initiatives seminar on democratic accountability, good governance, and civilian oversight for officials from the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine participating in... more
Presentation at the Parliamentary Centre and the Agency for Legislative Initiatives seminar on democratic accountability, good governance, and civilian oversight for officials from the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine participating in Kyiv-Mohyla Business School’s (KMBS) 'Strategic Programme for the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine'.
The event was a component of the ‘Parliamentary Accountability of Security Sector in Ukraine’ project (PASS Ukraine) supported by the Peace and Stabilization Operations Programme (PSOPs) of Global Affairs Canada (GAC).
https://parlcent.org/conversation-on-democratic-accountability-of-ukraines-defence-sector/
The event was a component of the ‘Parliamentary Accountability of Security Sector in Ukraine’ project (PASS Ukraine) supported by the Peace and Stabilization Operations Programme (PSOPs) of Global Affairs Canada (GAC).
https://parlcent.org/conversation-on-democratic-accountability-of-ukraines-defence-sector/
Research Interests: NATO, European Union, Security sector Reform, Council of Europe, Ukraine, and 9 moreOSCE, Parliamentary Oversight over Security and Defense Sector, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, European and euroatlantic integration of Ukraine, Defence Management, Democratic and Civilian Control of the Security and Defence, Defence Reform, Parliamentary Oversight of the Armed Forces, and Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector
Presentation at the DCAF-Razumkov Centre-Kingdom of the Netherlands Fifth International Conference on “The Role of Ombuds Institutions in Security Sector Governance”, 29-30 November 2016, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Research Interests: Human Rights, Human Rights Education, Security sector Reform, Ukraine, National human rights institutions, and 6 moreSecurity Sector Reform/Security Governance, NHRIs, European Union Security Sector Reform, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Reforms in Ukraine, and Security Sector Oversight
ІНСТИТУТИ ОМБУДСМЕНА ТА БЕЗПЕКОВЕ УРЯДУВАННЯ: КРАЩІ МІЖНАРОДНІ ПРАКТИКИ - Іден КОУЛ
Матеріали П’ятої міжнародної конференції “Урядування в секторі безпеки: роль інститутів Омбудсмена”, 29-30 листопада 2016р., м.Київ, Україна.
Матеріали П’ятої міжнародної конференції “Урядування в секторі безпеки: роль інститутів Омбудсмена”, 29-30 листопада 2016р., м.Київ, Україна.
Research Interests: Human Rights, Human Rights Education, Security sector Reform, Ukraine, National human rights institutions, and 6 moreSecurity Sector Reform/Security Governance, NHRIs, European Union Security Sector Reform, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Reforms in Ukraine, and Security Sector Oversight
ДЕМОКРАТИЧНИЙ НАГЛЯД ТА УПРАВЛІННЯ БЕЗПЕКОВИМИ ТА ОБОРОННИМИ ІНСТИТУТАМИ - Іден КОУЛ
Матеріали першої міжнародної конференції “Моніторинг викликів урядуванню в секторі безпеки України: стан і потреби”, 21-22 січня 2016р., Київ, Україна.
Матеріали першої міжнародної конференції “Моніторинг викликів урядуванню в секторі безпеки України: стан і потреби”, 21-22 січня 2016р., Київ, Україна.
Research Interests: Security sector Reform, Ukraine, Parliamentary Oversight over Security and Defense Sector, Security Sector Reform/Security Governance, Intelligence reform, and 5 moreDefence Reform, Democratic Oversight of the Security Sector, Reforms in Ukraine, Law Enforcement Reform, and Parliamentary Oversight of the Security Sector
Presentation at DCAF-Razumkov Centre-Kingdom of the Netherlands Conference on “Monitoring Ukraine’s Security Governance Challenges – Status and Needs”, 21-22 January 2016, Kyiv, Ukraine.
